DOI: 10.3897/jbgs.e143846

Authors: Kulyash Kaimuldinova, Shakhislam Laiskhanov, Duman Aliaskarov, Rakhat Tobajanov, Zhulduz Nizamatdinova

Abstract: This article considers the nature of climate changes in the Middle Ages of Central Asia and the influence of these changes on the toponymy in the region. The aim of the study is to analyze the manifestation of climate changes in the names of natural objects described in historical data of Central Asia and to study whether the semantic load of toponyms corresponds to the current geographical reality. The spatial identification of toponyms found in medieval historical sources, their etymological and semantic analysis, determination of the correspondence between toponyms and the present geographical nature of objects are carried out in accordance with the aim of the research. Climate changes will lead to changes in soil, vegetation and fauna. The presence of information describing the natural conditions in the period of their appearance in toponyms makes it possible to use them as indicators of landscape changes in historical geography. It was found that toponyms reflect climate changes in Central Asia, and thus they can be used as a source of information in the reconstruction of landscapes of past periods as a result of the research. It was found that the meaning of historical names preserved in the region from the period called “medieval pluvial” or “medieval climate anomaly” (between 900–1300 AD) does not correspond to the nature of the present landscape as a result of climate changes. The research methodology and results can be used in the future on a wider scale for other regions or in historical-geographical studies related to certain time periods.

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DOI: 10.3897/jbgs.2020.43.12

Authors: Tzanko Tzankov, Svetla Stankova

Abstract: The article represents the author’s contemporary mobility concept about the morphotectonic nature of the South Moesian Morphostructural Zone in North Bulgaria. The mentioned morphounit corresponds with the Moesian Continental Microplate South Margin between Timok River to the west and Kamchia River to the east. The north boundary of the zone coincides with fault bundle system along the Lower Danube River between Timok River Infuse to the west and the town of Cherna Voda to the east and between the towns of Cherna Voda and Constantsa in Nord Dobrudzha. The south boundary of the zone is following on the north slopes of the Fore Balkan and Stara Planina Mountain Ranges. The short west boundary near the Timok River separates the zone from the Carpathian Continental Microplate. The east zonal boundary limits it from the Black Sea Oceanic Microplate. The South Moesian Morphostructural Zone is representing one of the most contemporary fragments from the large post Early Pleistocene Orthoplain in the Balkan Peninsula North-East Part. It plane-lowland zonal relief contrasts with the relief of the neighbor first-rare morphotectonic units. The internal zonal pattern includes the Lower Danube Morphostructural Area (with Lom and Lovech Morphostructural Regions) and Ludogorie Morphostructural Area (with Isperih, Shumen and Dobrich Morphostructural Regions). The South Moesian Morphostructural Zone is a north part of the Maestrichtian-Early Neozoic Morphotectonic Suture between the Bulgarian and Moesian Continental Microplates during the New Europe Continental Massif Building. The till today continued Gondwana-New Europe Transcontinental Collision in the Mediterranean Region has bring very intensive Post Early Pleistocene Orthoplain Destruction and high mountain relief building (Rila, Pirin, Rhodope Mountain Massifs) in the Bulgarian Continental Microplate South-West Parts. The mentioned collision has causes the Fore Balkan and Stara Planina Syncinematic Uplifting in the suture zone between the Bulgarian and Moesian Continenta Microplates to. The South Moesian Morphostructural Zone has stay unaffected from those morphotectonic processes.

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DOI: 10.3897/jbgs.2020.42.12

Authors: Svetla Stankova, Tzanko Tzankov, Raina Hristova, Milena Stoyanova, Milen Penerliev

Abstract: The article is dedicate to the life and the creation of one notable Bulgrian investigator, scientist and pedagogue – Prof. Todor Ivanov Krastev DSc (Geography). The principal features of his personality are the big creative energy, impressive capacity for work and restless research spirit. It worldly and creative way is a splendid example for a dedicated work for the science. The results of Prof. Krastev investigations belong to the most Bulgarian Natural Geography achievements for the second part of the twenty century.

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