The modern world is faced with problems and challenges of different nature and scale of manifestation - natural and ecological, demographic, and public, global, regional, or local. Climate and environmental change, social crises and geopolitical conflicts, social and economic inequalities, resource shortages, etc. are of great importance among them. Regional geographic studies are the basis of studying these problems, of proposing solutions and management models. Solving these problems requires a high level of understanding of natural and social processes at different spatial scales. In territories of relatively small sizes, the effects of planetary changes are very large due to the specifics of the environment, population, and economy. The mission of regional geography is to study and evaluate the reflections of global challenges at smaller scales: in an ecological region, in a district, municipality, city, protected area, etc. The spatial coverage of these studies can vary widely. Regional geographic studies focus on various scientific problems in the following main areas:

• Geomorphology
• Climatology and climate change
• Hydrology and water resources
• Landscape studies and environmental protection
• Demographic issues and policies
• Problems of urbanized territories
• Regional inequalities, regional development and politics
• Development of rural areas
• Remote sensing

This topical collection includes regional geographical studies by scientists from the Department of "Geography, Ecology and Environmental Protection" at the SWU “Neofit Rilski”, as well as reports presented in the “Geography” section of the 10th International Scientific Conference "FMNS - 2023" of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the South-west University “Neofit Rilski”.